With the First World War at an end, it's time to look back at the immense costs it has imposed on Bulgaria and the world. In this environment, Bulgaria is trying to stabilize itself and lobby the Paris Peace Conference for better terms, but success is far from guaranteed.

Major Characters in this Episode:

Tsar Boris III

President Woodrow Wilson

Prime Minister Teodor Todorov

Timeline for this episode:

• 1918, Nov 18th - Alexander Kolchak takes control of the Provisional Government in Russia in a coup.

• 1918, Nov 18th - A Bulgarian Republican committee is established in Bern, Switzerland.

• 1918, Nov 22-24th - Macedonian organizations meet at Sofia University and declare that Macedonia should not be divided and should become part of Bulgaria.

• 1918, Nov 24th - The Entente orders the Bulgarian army to leave Dobrudja. Northern Dobrudja is occupied by the French while Southern Dobrudja is occupied by British and Italian troops. Alexander Malinov resigns in protest.

• 1918, Nov 25th - Ivan Gueshoff makes an appeal to President Wilson.

• 1918, Nov 28th - A new government is formed under Teodor Todorov.

• 1918, Dec 1st - The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes is proclaimed.

• 1918, Dec 12th - The Central Dobrudja People’s Council asks great Britain to establish a protectorate in Dobrudja.

• 1918, Dec 31st - The National Assembly grants amnesty for people who participated in military revolts during both the Balkan Wars and First World War despite opposition from Liberal and Democratic deputies.

• 1919, Jan 18th - The Paris Peace Conference begins in Versailles.

• 1919, Jan 25th - The League of Nations is created.

• 1919, Feb 21 - A one-time tax on wartime profits from 1914-1918 is implemented.

• 1919, Mar 1st - The VMRO submits a memorandum to the Paris Peace Conference asking that one of their delegations be allowed to participate in the discussions of the Macedonian question based on Wilson’s 14 points.

• 1919, Mar 9th - Macedonian activists request the region be granted autonomy within a Balkan Federation. They also endeavor to send representatives to the Paris Peace Conference.

• 1919, Mar 9th - The Macedonian Brotherhoods organization requests the Entente occupy all of Macedonia. Later in the month they also request a delegation be allowed to participate in the peace conference. The next month they will issue another memorandum declaring Macedonia to be indivisible, requesting either its ascension to Bulgaria or the holding of a plebiscite under Entente supervision.

• 1919, Mar - The Central Dobrudja Revolutionary Committee is founded.

Sources used in this episode:

• История на България в Дати by Vasil Katsunov, Plamen Mitev, Valeri Kolev, Evgenia Kalinova, and Iskra Baeva

• Crown of Thorns: The Reign of King Boris III of Bulgaria 1918-1943 by Stephane Groueff

• Aleksandur Stamboliiski by R.J. Crampton

• Peasants in Power by John D. Bell

• The Bulgarian Communist Party from Blagoev to Zhivkov by John D. Bell